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P105 - Holland - Townhall of Guoda


Townhall of Guoda, Holland




Gouda is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. Gouda, which was granted city rights in 1272, is famous for its Gouda cheese, smoking pipes and its 15th century city hall.

The town takes its name from the Van der Goude family, who built a fortified castle alongside the banks of the Gouwe River, from which the family took its name. The area, originally marshland, developed over the course of two centuries. By 1225, a canal was linked to the Gouwe and its estuary was transformed into a harbour. Gouda's array of historic churches and other buildings makes it a very popular day trip destination.


豪達(Gouda)為典型的荷蘭古老城鎮之一。古老的建築、錯綜交織的運河、熱鬧的市集,以及友善的居民,豪達似乎一直停格在古老的年代,有如童話世界?的城市。豪達城內最具古蹟價值的兩座建築,為豪達的市鎮廳(Stadhuis) ,以及大教堂(Grotekerk) 。

市鎮廳的年代可以追朔到西元1450年,為世界著名的哥德式建築,高聳的尖塔、紅色的百葉窗以及可愛的自鳴鐘,都是其特色。

大教堂(Grotekerk)原建於1485年,為天主教(舊教)教堂,後來因大火的襲擊,又於1552年重建。1578年威廉奧瑞崗(William of Orange)領導荷蘭推翻西班牙統治後,豪達大教堂(Grotekerk)即改制為新教的教堂。大教堂(Grotekerk)為荷蘭境內最長的教堂 (123公尺長),其建築最大的特色在於彩色的格窗(stained-glass) ,在荷蘭相當珍貴,因為很多類似的教堂,在擁護新教的王室統治下,大多被破壞殆盡。許多教堂的格窗(stained-glass)都是由當代的王公貴族或政治家所捐贈的,因此,隱含許多政治意味。格窗(stained-glass)的故事內容多描述當代的史蹟,卻以描繪聖經故事的方式,來引述新、舊教之間,與荷蘭、西班牙之間的衝突。

自十五世紀開始,豪達(Gouda)就成為重要的商業城市,漁貨、酒、玉米等的交易中心,至今豪達有一座風車,仍舊每天運轉碾磨玉米粉。十七世紀後,乳酪工業的興盛更為豪達帶來財富,現在每年夏天的星期四上午,都還可以看到乳酪市場熱絡交易的景象。而以前為起司秤量所的地方(Waag),現在也改為起司的博物館(Cheese Museum)。

另外,豪達(Gouda)自古也以生產蠟燭而聞名,每年12月13-23日間的一個星期二,市政廳前的廣場所舉行的「豪達燭光晚會」,點燃上千枝蠟燭的美景與眾人圍著聖誕樹齊唱聖歌的景致,令人感動。現在您也有機會親手製作蠟燭,或者購買各式各樣造型獨特的蠟燭回家作紀念。


References sources : wikipedia, Netherlands Broad of Tourism

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