Powered By

Skin Design: Jasmine85

Powered by Blogger

P47 - Russia - Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow


Kremlin and Red Square, Moscow, Russia ( UNESCO WHS )





Red Square is the most famous city square in Moscow, and arguably one of the most famous in the world. The square separates the Kremlin, the former royal citadel and currently the official residence of the President of Russia, from a historic merchant quarter known as Kitay-gorod. As major streets of Moscow radiate from here in all directions, being promoted to major highways outside the city, the Red Square is often considered the central square of Moscow and of all Russia.

The buildings surrounding the Square are all significant in some respect. Lenin's Mausoleum, for example, contains the embalmed body of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, the founder of the Soviet Union. Nearby to the south is the elaborate brightly-domed Saint Basil's Cathedral and the palaces and cathedrals of the Kremlin.

On the eastern side of the square is the GUM department store, and next to it the restored Kazan Cathedral. The northern side is occupied by the State Historical Museum, whose outlines echo those of Kremlin towers. The Iberian Gate and Chapel have been rebuilt to the northwest.

The only sculptured monument on the square is a bronze statue of Kuzma Minin and Dmitry Pozharsky, who helped to clear Moscow from the Polish invaders in 1612, during the Times of Trouble. Nearby is the so-called Lobnoye Mesto, a circular platform where public ceremonies used to take place. Both the Minin and Pozharskiy statue and the Lobnoye Mesto were once located more centrally in Red Square butt were moved to their current locations to facilitate the large military parades of the Soviet era. The square itself is around 330 meters (1100 ft) long and 70 meters (230 ft) wide.

The Cathedral of Intercession of the Virgin on the Moat (Russian: Собор Покрова что на Рву - The Cathedral of the Protection of the Mother of God, or simply Pokrovskiy Cathedral - Russian: Покровский Собор; better known as the Cathedral of Saint Basil the Blessed , Saint Basil's Cathedral - Russian: Храм Василия Блаженного) is a multi-tented church on the Red Square in Moscow that also features distinctive onion domes. It is very often mistaken for the Church of the Savior on Blood, located in St. Petersburg. In the West, it is frequently confused with the Kremlin which overlooks it. Arguably the most recognized building in Russia, it is an international symbol for the nation and for the city of Moscow.

The cathedral was commissioned by Ivan IV (also known as Ivan the Terrible) in Moscow to commemorate the capture of the Khanate of Kazan, and built from 1555 to 1561. In 1588 Tsar Fedor Ivanovich had a chapel added on the eastern side above the grave of Basil Fool for Christ (yurodivy Vassily Blazhenny), a Russian Orthodox saint after whom the cathedral was popularly named.

Saint Basil's is located at the southeast end of Red Square, just across from the Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin. Not particularly large, it consists of nine chapels built on a single foundation. The cathedral's design follows that of contemporary tented churches, notably those of Ascension in Kolomenskoye (1530) and of St John the Baptist's Decapitation in Dyakovo (1547).


红场,是俄罗斯首都莫斯科的著名广场。苏联时期,常在红场举行大型军队游行。

红场之内或边缘有几处著名建筑,包括列宁墓,存放展示苏联创建者列宁的防腐处理遗体。精致金色圆顶的华西里·柏拉仁诺教堂和克里姆林宫的宫殿和大教堂就在附近。红场东边是国家百货公司,其隔壁有国家历史博物馆。红场本身大约是695米长和130米宽。

红场所在的的土地原来曾经有建筑,但被1812年莫斯科大火清除。新空地(原来称为Pozhar, 或“烧光的地方”)逐渐成为莫斯科的主要市场。尔后,红场也用于各种公共典礼和声明,偶尔也作为俄罗斯帝国沙皇加冕之地。红场自那时候逐渐振兴,并自其建立时由所有俄罗斯政府用于官方典礼。

红场的名称不是从环绕它的砖头颜色衍生而来,也不是从红色和共产主义之间的联系衍生而来(亦因此所以有不少人曾将此误作红墙)。产生红场之名是因为俄文字Красная (krasnaya) 能意指“红的”或“美丽的”。此字原来表示“美丽的”,应用于华西里教堂,并随后转移至邻近广场。据信广场在17世纪取得现在的名称红场而取代旧名烧光的地方(Pozhar)。

华西里·柏拉仁诺教堂或垛上祈祷教堂,是一个坐落于莫斯科红场的多穹顶教堂。它通常被人们看作是俄罗斯在欧洲及亚洲间独特位置的象征。

这座教堂是受伊凡四世的委托,为纪念其对喀山汗国的征服而于1555年和1561年之间建造的。1588年,费奥多尔·伊万诺维奇沙皇在该建筑中一位俄罗斯东正教圣人华西里·柏拉仁诺之墓东上方添置了一个小礼堂。此后,该教堂就被人们普遍称为“圣华西里教堂”。

柏拉仁诺教堂位于红场东南部,对面则是克林姆林宫的斯巴斯卡亚塔。教堂虽不巨大,却在一个地基上集合了九间礼堂。该教堂的设计跟随了同时代的穹顶教堂风格,尤其是科洛缅斯科耶的耶稣升天教堂(1530年)和季亚科沃的施洗约翰斩首教堂(1547年)。


References sources : Wikipedia

Share Bookmark:

0 comments:

Post a Comment

Related Posts with Thumbnails

Sign by Danasoft - Get Your Free Sign

jasmine8559 - View my 'UNESCO' postcards on Flickriver
jasmine8559 - View My 'Wishlist' on Flickriver

Postcards Countries

Svalbard Spain United States of America Antarctica South Georgia Falkland Islands Bolivia Peru Ecuador Colombia Venezuela Guyana Suriname French Guiana Brazil Paraguay Uruguay Argentina Chile Greenland Canada United States of America United States of America Israel Jordan Cyprus Qatar United Arab Emirates Oman Yemen Saudia Arabia Iraq Afghanistan Turkmenistan Iran Syria Singapore China Mongolia Papua New Guinea Brunei Indonesia Malaysia Malaysia Tiawan Philippines Vietnam Cambodia Laos Thailand Burma Bangladesh Sri Lanka India Bhutan Nepal Pakistan Afghanistan Turkmenistan Tajikistan Kyrgyzstan Uzbekistan Japan North Korea South Korea Russia Kazakhstan Russia Montenegro Portugal Azerbaijan Armenia Georgia Ukraine Moldova Belarus Romania Bulgaria Macedonia Serbia Bosonia & Herzegovina Turkey Greece Albania Croatia Hungary Slovakia Slovenia Malta Spain Portugal Spain France Italy Italy Austria Switzerland Belgium France Ireland United Kingdom Norway Sweden Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania Russia Poland Czech Republic Germany Denmark The Netherlands Iceland El Salvador Guatemala Panama Costa Rica Nicaragua Honduras Belize Mexico Trinidad & Tobago Puerto Rico Dominican Republic Haiti Jamaica The Bahamas Cuba Vanuatu Australia Solomon Islands Fiji New Caledonia New Zealand Eritrea Ethiopia Djibouti Somalia Kenya Uganda Tanzania Rwanda Burundi Madagascar Namibia Botswana South Africa Lesotho Swaziland Zimbabwe Mozambique Malawi Zambia Angola Democratic Repbulic of Congo Republic of Congo Gabon Equatorial Guinea Central African Republic Cameroon Nigeria Togo Ghana Burkina Fassu Cote d'Ivoire Liberia Sierra Leone Guinea Guinea Bissau The Gambia Senegal Mali Mauritania Niger Western Sahara Sudan Chad Egypt Libya Tunisia Morocco Algeria
Map Legend: 26%, 70 of 263 Territories
 Postcards received from 


ArgentinaAustraliaAustriaBelgiumBosnia and HerzegovinaBelarusBrazilBulgariaCanadaChinaChileCyprusDenmarkEgyptIrelandEstoniaCzech RepublicFinlandFranceGuernseyGermanyGreeceHong KongCroatiaHungaryIcelandIndonesiaIndiaIranIsraelItalyJapanKorea, SouthLatviaLithuaniaSlovakiaLuxembourgMacauMontenegroMacedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic ofMoroccoMauritiusOmanMexicoMalaysiaNetherlandsNorwayNew ZealandPeruPolandPortugalSerbiaRomaniaPhilippinesRussiaSouth AfricaSloveniaSingaporeSpainSwedenSwitzerlandUnited Arab EmiratesThailandTurkeyTaiwanUnited KingdomUkraineUnited StatesUruguayVietnam

Free money making opportunity
Postcards Exchange