P434 - UK - Buckingham Palace in London

Buckingham Palace, Westminster, London, UK

Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British monarch. Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality. It has been a rallying point for the British people at times of national rejoicing and crisis.

Originally known as Buckingham House, the building which forms the core of today's palace was a large townhouse built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 on a site which had been in private ownership for at least 150 years. It was subsequently acquired by George III in 1761 as a private residence for Queen Charlotte, and known as "The Queen's House". During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects John Nash and Edward Blore, forming three wings around a central courtyard. Buckingham Palace finally became the official royal palace of the British monarch on the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837. The last major structural additions were made in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including the East front which contains the well-known balcony on which the Royal Family traditionally congregate to greet crowds outside. However, the palace chapel was destroyed by a German bomb in World War II; the Queen's Gallery was built on the site and opened to the public in 1962 to exhibit works of art from the Royal Collection.
The original early 19th-century interior designs, many of which still survive, included widespread use of brightly coloured scagliola and blue and pink lapis, on the advice of Sir Charles Long. King Edward VII oversaw a partial redecoration in a Belle epoque cream and gold colour scheme. Many smaller reception rooms are furnished in the Chinese regency style with furniture and fittings brought from the Royal Pavilion at Brighton and from Carlton House. The Buckingham Palace Garden is the largest private garden in London.

The state rooms, used for official and state entertaining, are open to the public each year for most of August and September, as part of the Palace's Summer Opening.


白金漢宮是一座位於倫敦的英王寢宮。宮殿坐落在西敏市，是國家慶典和王室歡迎禮舉行場地之一，也是一處重要的旅遊景點。歷史上每逢英國歡慶或是危機時刻，這兒也是不列顛人民一處重要的集會場所。

1703年至1705年，白金漢和諾曼比公爵約翰·謝菲爾德在此興建了一處大型鎮廳建築「白金漢屋」，構成了今天的主體建築，1761年，喬治三世獲得該府邸，並作為一處私人寢宮。此後宮殿的擴建工程持續超過了75年，主要由建築師約翰·納西愛德華·布羅爾主持，為中央庭院構築了三側建築。1837年，維多利亞女王登基後，白金漢宮成為英王正式宮寢。19世紀末20世紀初，宮殿公共立面修建，形成延續至今天白金漢宮形象。二戰期間，宮殿禮拜堂遭一枚德國炸彈襲擊而毀；在其址上建立的女王畫廊於1962年向公眾開放，展示皇家收藏品。現在的白金漢宮對外開放參觀，每天清晨都會進行著名的禁衛軍交接典禮，成為英國王室文化的一大景觀。


References sources : wikipedia